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CDS explosive precautions 27 Dec 2014 03:53 #48615

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Andreas says at 3:55 in the video
, "This method of making Chlorine Dioxide Solution (CDS) is not explosive as long as you keep it in the water." Could someone please explain exactly what this looks like with regard to precautions? How might it leave the water and become explosive? Does it need to stay at a certain temperature, or stay out of contact with some other element for example?

Thanks.

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CDS explosive precautions 27 Dec 2014 20:11 #48631

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If the CLO2 gas stays in water, there should be no problem. In the photo you show, the three receiver bottles on the left won't be a problem; it is the reactor bottle on the right that could be a problem. As shown, it is in hot water but not in a container that is heating water like a hot plate.

I used to make CDS this way and one time heated the reactor in hot water inside an electric kettle and the reactor bottle blew the lid off which was screwed onto the glass bottle! Hot NaCLO2 and acid was thrown out of the kettle onto walls and kitchen sink, etc. I no longer use the heating method to make CDS for that reason plus if you get the reactor solution too hot, some other gases will be in the CDS and you don't want that happening.

Now I use and recommend the overnight, no heating method as described here and here .
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CDS explosive precautions 28 Dec 2014 00:08 #48633

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Hi, I've worked 26 yrs in a chlorine and chlorine dioxide plant. We manufacture 20 tonnes of chlorine dioxide at full rate. I've seen the explosive nature of chlorine dioxide. The reaction is chlorine dioxide decomposing back to chlorine and oxygen very rapidly. The main reason for "decomps" as we called them, was because the gas phase concentration got above 12%. That's why you got an explosion heating up your solution. Another reason we got"decomps" was contamination in our chemical solutions, so make sure if you produce chlorine dioxide gas, it is done in the clean containers and the water you will absorb the chlorine dioxide gas into, is chilled to 5 to 6C as you'll get better absorption of the gas into the water. God bless.
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CDS explosive precautions 28 Dec 2014 20:50 #48653

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Thank you CLO2,

Can you please elaborate on your comment that, "it is in hot water but not in a container that is heating water like a hot plate" - makes it more dangerous.

In the photo above I believe hot water was poured into the glass and then the reactor bottle was placed into that hot water. I would believe this to be more safe than putting the reactor bottle in a container that was on a hot plate. The only difference between the two would be that in the later case, the temperature of the water would need to be monitored to make sure it did not get too high - whereas in the example above, once the wate is put in the jar around the reactor bottle, that water will not get hotter because it is not on a hot plate.

Please correct me if this core assumption is wrong with regard to explosions in making CDS in this fasion. That the cause for an explosion in the making of CDS would be simply if the gas pressure builds up faster than it is allowed to be released. An example being in your shared experience above which likely would have happened because the heat caused the reaction to proceed at a faster pace than the gas was allowed to move out of the bottle via the tubes, (or the tube blocked up somehow).

Is that a correct assumption?

Again, thanks. I just want to be very clear with regard to what causes the explosion and how to monitor and prevent it.

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CDS explosive precautions 28 Dec 2014 21:00 #48654

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Thank you nzdutchie,

Could you help me expand what you shared to allow me and others who may read this to apply this to our usage of CDS. You shared, "The main reason for "decomps" as we called them, was because the gas phase concentration got above 12%. That's why you got an explosion heating up your solution." When does the "gas phase concentration" come into play? Would that be, for example, the concentration of CD gas that is accumulating in the activation bottle when making it? ...so that if the gas is not allowed to move out of that bottle fast enough as it is generated, that it will explode because of the concentration of CD gas?

If so, then is it the concentration of CD gas that causes the gas to explode, or is it that the pressure becomes so much that the pressure itself blows the top off the bottle. From what you said, it sounds like the former, that a chemical reaction occurs, ("chlorine dioxide decomposing back to chlorine and oxygen very rapidly"), to the CD at that concentration that makes it explode. Can you help me understand this? Thanks,

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CDS explosive precautions 28 Dec 2014 21:09 #48657

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And if I have a bottle of CDS at home and leave it on a table with the sun on it for a day, will the heat of the sun cause gas to escape the solution? I ask because I live where the sun is out most of the time and could imagine putting it on a table and getting distracted - just want to know my boundaries of concern. Same question around it being in heat. Once in solution, will being outside on a hot day of 100 degrees cause it to become potentially explosive?

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CDS explosive precautions 29 Dec 2014 18:38 #48671

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Any CLO2 solution needs to be kept out of light especially sunlight and below 50F if possible. Put a few drops of CDS in a bottle and put it in sunlight and watch the cloud of CLO2 gas form instantly inside the bottle. Beware!
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CDS explosive precautions 31 Dec 2014 01:02 #48682

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Its when ClO2 gas strength get to 12% that causes it to "decomp". We produce ClO2 under vacuum conditions and could still manage to have "decomps" . In the vessel (generator) we make the gas in, is a horizontal cylinder about 5 metres wide by 12 metres long. The generator is has 9 compartments that the generating solution will zigzag through. As the solution gets weaker through the generator, the solution is heating at different compartments, eventually the solution exits the generator at 90C. What I ould suggest to do if you are going to produce CDS is let let the generating solution (mms + HCl) react at home temperature, then when it looks like no further reaction is taking place then add some heat to the generating solution. And even that be done in stages, like 50C hot water then hotter after that. But remember it is the gas strength that causes the explosions. So if you are still getting explosions trying this, then the ClO2 gas is not absorbing into the water good enough.
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MMS (Master Mineral Solution) is Sodium Chlorite 28% (22.4% Sodium Chlorite, 5.6% Inert Salts and the remainder water) plus an acidic activator (usually 50% Citric Acid or 4% Hydrochloric Acid) when combined produces Chlorine Dioxide.

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